Background: The degree of patient’ s suffering in association with radiological evidence of osteoarthritis (OA) determines the timepoint of surgery. Thus, amoreclear understanding of the association between clinical and radiological symptoms of OAis necessary. Objectives: Here we aim to evaluate how clinical and radiographic symptoms of patients are associated with each other in an IranianKnee OA population. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, patients with knee OA were recruited. The diagnosis of OA was made using the criteria ofAmerican College of Rheumatology (ACR) Classification. Western Ontario & McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC)was used as an indicator of self-reported disability. The Kellgren-Lawrence index was used for OA grading. Results: A total of 96 OA patients, including 77 females and 19 males, with a mean age of 53. 27 10 years, were included. The OA wasgraded as I, II, III, and IV in 28, 35, 19, and 14 patients, respectively. The mean WOMAC score was 55. 2 20. 5, ranging from 6. 3 to 100. TheWOMACscore was not significantly correlated with the grade of OA (p = 0. 1, r =-0. 188). When we stratified the patients based ontheir gender, a strong correlation was observed between WOMAC scores and OA grade in male patients (p < 0. 001, r =-0. 882), whileit was still non-significant in female patients (p = 0. 9, r = 0. 002). Conclusions: Self-reported disability is associated with radiographic symptoms in male patients with knee OA, but not in females. Hence, the orthopedic surgeons should consider this discrepancy in their decision-making process to decide appropriately aboutthe choice of therapy.

Introduction: Dementia is basically the disease of old people which is usually caused by a primary degenerative lesion or by a structural disease in the brain. In terms of etiology, dementia is associated with reversible and irreversible causes. Determination of the underlying causes of dementia may facilitate its treatment and prognosis. The purpose of this study is to evaluate clinical and paraclinical symptoms of dementia as well as to determine the most common causes.Materials and Methods: This is a cross sectional descriptive study on 100 patients with dementia who referred to Shahrivar 17th Hospital in Mashhad. First, the patients who were diagnosed as being infected by dementia were evaluated according to DSM-IV criteria. They were also enrolled in history taking and physical examinations as well as paraclinical managements like EEG, CT Scan and MRI.The obtained data were then recorded down in the questionnaires.Results: 36% of the patients were females and 64% were males. Of this population, 43% had Alzheimer Disease (AD), 40% had Vascular Dementia (VaD), 9% Parkinson disease (PD) and 8% had other types of dementia while there was no case of Ferontotemporal dementia (FTD). HTN, DM and Hyperlipidemia were found to have a fully significant effect on VaD.100% with the history of TIA and 88% with the history of CVA had VaD which was meaningful, too.55% of the VaD patients were identified with Gait disorder and 65% with Incontinence which is ststistically significant. Based on the results of MRI and CT Scan, 100% of the AD patients, 47.5% of the VaD patients and 88.9% of the PD patients were identified with cortical atrophy. In addition, it was found that hypocampus atrophy was present in 53.5% of the patients with AD and in 15% of the patients with VaD. In 90% of the VaD patients, hypodense foci was observed which is statistically significant, too.Conclusion: As the findings of the study suggest, the results of CT Scan and MRI was notably related to the type of dementia. Thus, it seems that using these two techniques can determine the existence of dementia in the early stages which can help with improving the quality and quantity of life in these patients. According to the frequency rate of VaD in our patients, it seems that the lack of or poor control of the risk factors like HTN, DM and hyperlipidemia can lead to the high frequency rate of vascular dementia.

Background and Objectives: In each life cycle stage, special relationship with the other person involved is that this relationship can improve individual health and social or damaged individual. The present study aimed to compare the early maladaptive schemas, coping strategies and emotional maturity of students with emotional injuries and no damage was emotional.Material and Methods: The causal-comparative study was conducted. From 422 students living in dormitories Damghan University and Azad University in the academic year 2015-16, 150 students were selected randomly. Participants blow to the questionnaire Love, coping strategies questionnaire, the Young Schema Questionnaire and emotional maturity questionnaire responded. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation and inferential statistics such as variance univariate and multivariate multiple regressions used.Results: Results showed that significantly cuts and the exclusion (P<0.01), Impaired Autonomy and Performance (P<0.001), restrictions disrupted (P<0.0001), the orientation (P<0.01), vigilance over limit/ retention (P<0.04). The results of univariate analysis of covariance can be said that between the two groups in scores of coping strategies and emotional maturity there is a significant difference statistically (P<0.0001). The regression model explained 24.4% of the variance stems (R=0.244).Course of study and level of education were significant predictors (P<0.01).Conclusion: The study showed that people with emotional damage from the domains of conflict, coping strategies and emotional maturity are different with people without emotional damage. Same goes for more attention to this area will require therapists and counselors.

Aim: To assess the clinical characteristic of CD as well as correlation of symptoms and the degrees of intestinal mucosal lesions in Iranian children.Background: Microscopic Enteritis (Marsh 0-II) is associated with malabsorption.Patients and methods: From August 2005 to September 2009, 111 cases with malabsorption and classical gastrointestinal symptoms were evaluated.Results: The mean (±SD) age of children with CD was 4.9±3.5 years (range, 6 month - 16 years) and the mean duration of symptoms was 8 ± 20.5 months.50 cases (45%) were female and 61 cases (55%) were male. The most common clinical presentation was failure to thrive in 72%, chronic diarrhea in 65.8% and Iron deficiency anemia in 59.5%. Sensitivity of EMA was 100% in patients with Marsh III b and Marsh III c. EMA was also positive in 77% of cases with Marsh 0, 18% in Marsh I, 44% in Marsh II and 81.8% in patients with Marsh III a.Conclusion: Histopathology did not reflect the severity of gluten sensitivity. This would suggest that the degree of intestinal mucosal damage might not be a reliable prognostic factor. Significant symptoms can be present with minor histological change on biopsy.

Background and Objectives: Norplant is one of the contraception methods being accepted among females because of its long activity and low motivity. However, norplant has some complications that sometimes makes users to refuse it, and that is why we decided to study discomforting complications after its usage in a descriptive manner on Iranian women.Materials and Methods: In this research clinical discomforting complications and satisfaction rates were studied on 100 female users of norplant in health centers of Kermanshah state. The data gathered by well - trained questionners, was analysed by using descriptive methods.Results: After norplant implantation in 100 females, 16 cases had amenorrhea, 77 cases observed abnormal uterine bleeding, while 7 had no changes in the menstruation. In 40 females no change in weight was noticed, however 25 cases showed weight loss, 35 cases gained the weight and 39 cases had complications in implantation site. The prevalence of some signs increased in some women after usage of norplant as compared to pre-usage stage: headache was initially reported in 3 cases, but after norplant usage 42 females had the problem. Likewise hirsutism, hair loss and acnea, initially observed in 1,3 and 7 cases respectively were later reported by 5,30 and 16 cases respectively . Initially depression and mastalgia were not reported by any female, however after norplant usage 28 and 5 cases complained respectively. In some women, most common reasons for selection of norplant were long activity (62 cases), effectivity (42 cases) and easy to use (42 cases).Conclusion: It appeared that norplant results in significant increase in: abnormal uterine bleeding (p<0.001), hair loss (p<0.001), headache (p<0.001), acnea (p<0.05), depression (p<0.001) and mastalgia (p<0.05), but this method has no significant effect on hirsutism (p>0.1) and breast discharge (p>0.1). Satisfaction was complete in 56%, 19% partially agreed to, 18% disagreed with norplant and 7% had no idea about this contraceptive method. Important discomforting complications of norplant were: abnormal uterine bleeding, headache, weight gain, loss of hair and depression.